《高三英语 修订版》郭崇谦，王文勤编著|(epub azw3 mobi pdf)电子书下载-云顶国际集团

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图书名称：《高三英语 修订版》

【作　者】郭崇谦，王文勤编著

【丛书名】重点难点疑点问答与水平反馈丛书

【页 数】 237

【出版社】 海口：三环出版社 , 1991.02

【isbn号】7-80564-338-5

【价 格】6.20

【参考文献】 郭崇谦，王文勤编著. 高三英语 修订版. 海口：三环出版社, 1991.02.

图书目录：

《高三英语 修订版》内容提要：

《高三英语 修订版》内容试读

第-单元lesson1-lesson4

【问题解答】

1.have something to do,have somebody do,have some-thing done和have somebody/something doing在意义和用法上有何不同？

have something to do中的have意思是‘有？.整个短语的意思是‘有某事要做'.不定式todo是something的定语。

在多数情况下，不定式和前面的名词有动宾关系。例如：a

poor little boy came in to ask whether they had geographiesto sell.(.5,p.1)又如：he has a large family to support./i have a secret to keep./i have no more to say./i havesomething to tell you.如果不定式短语中含有by短语表示行为主体时，要用被动式.例如：by law shylock may havea pound of flesh to be cut off by him nearest to antonio'sheart.(1.8,p.150)(根据法律夏洛克可以得到一磅肉，由他从最靠近安东尼奥的心脏部位割下来，)应该注意：如果不定式属于不及物动词，其后还得加上一个结构上或含义上所需的介词。例如：the nurse has five children to look after./

she has no place to go(to).(修饰place的动词不定式后可省略介词to.)

have somebody do,have something done,have some-body/something doing中的have是使役动词.意思是“使”，

1

“让”

have somebody do意思是‘让某人做某事？.在此结构中必须用省略to的不定式作补语.'例如：our teacher has uswrite a composition every week./i'll be ptoud to have yousing my song./i am going to have him live with me..注意用have作使役动词的句子不能转换成被动式。例如：he madeus work all night.可转换成we,were made to work allnight.而用havc作动词的句子不能这样转换，顺便提一下，使役动词have,let,make后面用不定式作宾语补足语时必须省略to.其他有此等意义的动词（如：advise,allow,ask,ex-pect,force,get,persuade,tell,want,warn等)后要用带to的不定式作补语。

have something done中，done是过去分词作补语.意思是：l)让某事由别人完成.例如：i've had the stove lighted.(我已经找人把炉子生着了，)/she has just had her hairwaved.(她刚烫过发.)/2)遭到某情况.例如：he has hadhis hand burned.(他的手被烫了，)/she had her watchstolen.(她的表被偷了，)3)完成某事（自己也可能参与）例如：tom has had a hundred dollars saved,(汤姆已经攒了一百美元.)/we have had everything fixed up.(我们已经把一切安排好.)

have somebody doing意思是让某人做某事'.这里do-ing是现在分词作补语.例如：we tried to have her talking.(我们设法让她说话.)/he had us laughing all through themeal.(他使我们在吃饭过程中始终笑个不停.)注意havesomebody do和have somebody doing意义稍有不同.用不定2

d

式作补语时往往表示一次动作；用现在分词作补语往往表示反复动作。见上面例句

have something doing意思是让某情况发生或让某物保持某状态’.doing是现在分词作补语.例如：i have a car wait-ing for me outside.(我有汽车在外面等我.)/please have thecandles burning,(请让蜡烛点着，)

应该注意：它们的否定形式都与will not连用.表示‘不接受，不允许’.例如：i.won’t have you tell/telling me whattodo.(你要指挥我，我不听你的.)/iwon’t have anythingsaid against her,(我不允许讲任何反对她的话.)/i will nothave my house turned into a hotel..(我不允许把我的家变成旅馆)

2.the man refused him his request.(1.19,p.1)否改写成“the man refused his request to him.”?这两种形式在意义上有无不同？请问哪些动词后面介词用t0?哪些动词后面介词用f0r?此外还有没有别的介词可用？是否有双宾语的句子都可以改写？

1)有些动词有两个宾语.一般指人的叫间接宾语，放在前面，指物的叫直接宾语，放在后面.例如：the man refusedhim his request.(那人拒绝了他的请求.)

间接宾语也可以加上一个适当的介词放到直接宾语后面去，这样说常常是由于结构的原因，直接宾语比间接宾语短得多，读起来方便；或是为了强调间接宾语.例如：

she took the wallet to the policeman on duty.他把钱夹交给值勤的警察了。

(结构)

your must give this letter to your father,but not to

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4

your mother.

你必须把这封信交给你父亲，而不是你母亲。（强调）

the man refused his request to him.(强调)

当两个宾语都是人称代词时，也通常将间接宾语放在后面。例如：

i'1l lend them'to you.

please give it to me.

2)放在后面的间接宾语用哪个介词与前面的动词的意义有关.以give为代表，还有allow,bring,cause,deal,do,fetch,grant,hand,leave,lend,offer,owe,pass,pay,post,promise,read,refuse,return,sell,send,show,sing,take,telephone,teach,tell,throw,wish,write等大都具有“给与”的意义.这些动词的间接宾语写在后面时加介语t0.例如：流地1u4t出有经已5国i gave my daughter a dictionary.不

=i gave a dictionary to my daughter.

the salesgirl sold me the wrong book.=the salesgirl sold the wrong book to me.

下列动词也可带双宾语：build,buy,call,catch,choose,cook,cut,find,fix,get,keep,make,order,play奏)，prepare,reach,save等.这些动词都有“为”的意义，它们后面的间接宾语放在后面时加介词for.例如：

she made her daughter a new dress.=she made a new dress for her daughter.i've just bought my sister a birthday present.=i've just bought a birthday present for my sister.4

.will you play us some revolutionary songs?

=will you play some revolutionary songs for us?在这种句型结构中常用的介词是to和for.此外，有时要根据动词与介词的一定搭配关系选用适当的介词。例如：

may i ask you a favour?能不能请你帮个忙？)》=may i ask a favour of you?

he played me a trick.=he played a trick on me.

3)有些动词后面的间接宾语无论放在前面或后面都必须带to.这些s动词有：announce,describe,explain,express,introduce,mention,point out,repeat,say,shout,suggest,whisper等，例如：

our teacher explained to us the difficult sentences inthis lesson.(tous也可放在后面)

我们老师给我们讲解了这课书中的难句

could you explain your point of view to us？(tous也可放在前面)

你能向我们说明一下你的观点吗？

he mentioned to me that he had seen you.他向我提到他曾经见到你.i shall mention it to him.

我将向他提及此事.（直接宾语是代词，一般to him放在后面.)

4)并不是所有两个宾语的句子都可以这样改写：

a·间接宾语是指物的名词时，间接宾语放在前面。例：

we gave our classroom a through cleaning.

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●

=we cleaned our classroom thoroughly.而不说wegave a thorough cleaning to our classroom.

b.ask(问)，answer,forgive,envy等动词后面的两个宾语的位置是固定的.指人的宾语在前，指物的宾语在后。这两个宾语都可视作直接宾语，都可独立使用，

did you ask him the price?

did you ask him?did you ask the price?

they envied us our success.

they envied us.they envied our success.

3.relay sticks in their hands,they raced to the secondrunners...(l.l6,p.74)中，relay sticks in their hands是什么语法结构？

这是独立主格结构.使用独立主格结构要注意以下几点：

a.它是和一个完整句子在一起的独立短语，短语的前部和后部有逻辑上的主谓关系：（见下面例句）

b.它在句子中相当于一个状语从句，表示时间、原因、条件、或伴随情况；

c.当一个复合句中的时间、原因、条件状语从句的主语和主句的主语不是同一个人或物时，有些可用独立主格结构改写成简单句。

现在按照独立主格结构的构成形式，分为六种，举例说明如下：

1)名词/主格代词 现在分词

when spring came on,the trees turned green.(复合句)

→spring coming on,the trees turned green.(简单句.6

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